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Writer's pictureFika Mental Health

Understanding the Types of Narcissism

Many of us have encountered someone with narcissistic traits—a partner, a family member, a friend, or even a boss. Relationships like these often come with emotional roller coasters, leaving us confused, drained, and questioning our own reality. By understanding the different types of narcissism, we can start to make sense of their behaviors and see the patterns that explain why these relationships affect us so deeply.

In this post, we’ll look at some common types of narcissism, what defines each, and how they can impact the mental health of those who are caught in their orbit.


Types of Narcissism


Narcissism isn't a one-size-fits-all label. In reality, there are different expressions of narcissism, each with unique characteristics. Knowing these can help us identify the dynamics we may be experiencing.


1. Grandiose Narcissism

  • Traits: Grandiose narcissists are what most people imagine when they hear "narcissist." Confident, assertive, and charismatic, they thrive on admiration. They might appear charming at first, but this charm often comes with an expectation of constant validation and praise.

  • Impact on Mental Health: If you’re in a relationship with a grandiose narcissist, you might feel like you’re always second-best. Their need to dominate conversations or receive constant admiration can leave you feeling unheard and unseen. Over time, the stress of meeting their demands or avoiding conflict can lead to chronic anxiety and self-doubt.


2. Vulnerable (Covert) Narcissism

  • Traits: Vulnerable narcissists are more introverted, often hiding their narcissism behind insecurity and sensitivity. They may appear shy or self-effacing, but they also carry a deep need for attention and can become resentful or defensive if they feel overlooked.

  • Impact on Mental Health: Vulnerable narcissists can make you feel responsible for their emotional state. They might blame you for their issues or expect you to cater to their insecurities. Over time, this dynamic leaves you feeling exhausted, guilty, and constantly on edge.


3. Malignant Narcissism

  • Traits: Malignant narcissists display narcissistic traits with a more aggressive edge. They can be manipulative, aggressive, and unkind, and sometimes seem to enjoy creating tension or conflict. Their behavior may be laced with hostility and a lack of empathy.

  • Impact on Mental Health: The malignant narcissist’s manipulation and aggression can take a serious toll on your mental health. These relationships are often traumatizing, as their cruelty and lack of empathy can lead to constant fear, anxiety, and symptoms similar to post-traumatic stress.


4. Communal Narcissism

  • Traits: Communal narcissists see themselves as moral beacons and often want others to recognize them for their “good deeds” and empathy. However, their “kindness” usually comes with strings attached—a need for acknowledgment and admiration.

  • Impact on Mental Health: The communal narcissist can leave you feeling inadequate or unworthy by comparison. Their constant need to be recognized as selfless or morally superior can make you feel guilty or lacking, as though you can never measure up to their “altruistic” standards.


5. Somatic and Cerebral Narcissism

  • Traits: Somatic narcissists focus on their appearance, fitness, or physical prowess, while cerebral narcissists lean on their intelligence and wit. Both types crave admiration for their particular qualities, often dismissing or belittling others who don’t meet their standards.

  • Impact on Mental Health: Being around someone who constantly seeks praise for their appearance or intellect can make you question your own value. Over time, the focus on comparison and one-upmanship can lead to a diminished sense of self-worth and heightened insecurity.


How Narcissistic Relationships Affect Mental Health


Being involved with someone with narcissistic traits can have a significant impact on mental health, often manifesting in ways like:

  1. Loss of Self-EsteemNarcissists tend to tear others down to lift themselves up, and this constant criticism or subtle put-downs can erode your self-esteem. You might find yourself doubting your own worth, questioning your abilities, or constantly striving to meet their impossible standards.

  2. Chronic AnxietyMany people describe feeling like they’re “walking on eggshells” around a narcissist. There’s a constant worry about saying the wrong thing or setting them off. This hypervigilance can lead to chronic anxiety, as you’re always on edge, trying to manage their unpredictable emotions.

  3. Gaslighting and ConfusionNarcissists are often experts at gaslighting—manipulating you into questioning your own perceptions and sanity. Over time, this leaves you feeling disoriented, self-doubting, and unsure of what’s real, making it even harder to trust yourself.

  4. Isolation and DepressionNarcissists may isolate you from friends, family, or other support systems, intentionally or not. This can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression, as you feel cut off from others who could offer perspective or support.

  5. PTSD and Trauma SymptomsIf you’ve been in a long-term relationship with a malignant or particularly destructive narcissist, you may experience symptoms similar to post-traumatic stress. Flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, and emotional reactivity are common, as these relationships can create deep psychological scars.


Steps for Healing from a Narcissistic Relationship


Recovering from a relationship with a narcissist takes time, patience, and a lot of self-care. Here are some steps that can help:

  • Set Clear Boundaries: Boundaries are essential for protecting your peace. Whether you’re still in contact or going “no contact,” be clear about what behaviors you will and won’t tolerate.

  • Seek Support: Opening up to trusted friends, family, or a therapist can provide validation and clarity. Therapy can be especially powerful in helping you rebuild your self-esteem and learn how to set boundaries moving forward.

  • Prioritize Self-Care: Self-care isn’t just about bubble baths and journaling; it’s about actively taking care of your mind and body. Find practices that help you feel grounded and connected to yourself.

  • Learn About Narcissism: The more you understand about narcissism, the easier it is to recognize unhealthy patterns. This knowledge helps you shift blame from yourself and see the bigger picture, helping you rebuild your self-worth.



While relationships with narcissists can be incredibly damaging, healing is absolutely possible. Gaining an understanding of the different types of narcissism and how they can affect mental health is a strong first step in recognizing and moving beyond these patterns. Remember, recovery takes time, and seeking support can make a world of difference. Whether you’re re-learning your own value or discovering healthier dynamics, healing from a narcissistic relationship is a journey—but one that leads to a stronger, more resilient version of you. If this resonates with you or someone you know, reaching out for support can be one of the most powerful steps toward moving forward.


Reach out for your free consultation today and we can discuss how to best support your narcissistic abuse recovery.

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